Agro-economic benefits in radish-lettuce mixing under optimized green manuring and planting density

Resumo

One of the biggest difficulties in the intercropping of radish-lettuce is to obtain the ideal dose of green manure and the adequate planting density for the crops. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the agro-economic benefits of radish-lettuce intercropping under the influence of green manuring with Merremia aegyptia and Calotropis procera and lettuce population densities in a semi-arid environment, in two cropping seasons. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with treatments arranged in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with 4 replications. The first factor in this scheme consisted of equitable biomass amounts of M. aegyptia and C. procera at doses of 20, 35, 50 and 65 t ha^-1 on a dry basis, and the second factor of lettuce population densities of 150, 200, 250 and 300 thousand plants ha^-1. The production of radish and lettuce and its components, in addition to the agroeconomic indicators, system productivity index (SPI), land equivalent coefficient (LEC) and monetary equivalent ratio (MER) were evaluated. The greatest agro-economic benefits of the intercropped radish-lettuce were obtained with SPI of 15.37 t ha^-1, LEC of 1.27 and MER of 1.30, respectively, in the combination of 65 t ha^-1 of M. aegyptia and C. procera biomass with the lettuce population density of 300 thousand plants ha^-1. The maximum commercial productivity of radish roots in the intercropping system was 8.45 t ha^-1 in the combination of the biomass amount of 20 t ha^-1 of M. aegyptia and C. procera and lettuce population density of 300 thousand plants ha^-1, while the maximum lettuce leaf productivity optimized in intercropping was 17.72 t ha^-1, in the combination of green manures biomass amount of 65 t ha^-1 and population density of 300 thousand plants ha^-1 of lettuce.